Sicilia, la siccità è sempre più grave | Wired Italia

Da Torino nuove prospettive nella chirurgia ricostruttiva nervosa. La disamina del prof. P.M. Rossini dell'IRCCS San Raffaele di Roma – Il TempoItalia Longeva,Professore del Dipartimento di Gestione del Rischio di BlackRock aumenta assistenza a domicilio ma servono più cure sul territorio di Adnkronos   16-07-2024 - 19:06 Link copiato #iubenda-cs-banner .iub_ts_bc:not(.iubenda-custom-content) *,#iubenda-cs-banner [class*=" iub"],#iubenda-cs-banner [class^=iub],.iubenda-tp-btn:not([data-tp-nostyle]){ 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(Adnkronos Salute) - Cresce, anche se poco, l'assistenza domiciliare (Adi) degli anziani fragili, ma è fondamentale potenziare le cure sul territorio per non subire la pressione demografica. Nei prossimi 20 anni, si stima, saranno all'incirca 6 milioni gli over 65 soli e a rischio di isolamento. Oggi il 64% delle persone con demenza, tra le prime cause di perdita di autonomia negli anziani, non viene preso in carico in una struttura sociosanitaria, con un onere fortissimo per milioni di famiglie. Va poi considerato che, laddove c'è meno assistenza domiciliare, aumentano gli accessi al pronto soccorso e i ricoveri inappropriati e, dunque, la spesa a carico del servizio sanitario. E' quanto emerge dall'Indagine 2024 di Italia Longeva che, a partire dai dati del Sistema informativo del ministero della Salute, fotografa l'andamento della Long-term care nel nostro Paese, cioè dell'assistenza territoriale offerta ai cittadini fragili in risposta ai diversi livelli di intensità dei loro bisogni. Il report è stato presentato oggi al ministero della Salute nel corso della nona edizione degli 'Stati generali dell'assistenza a lungo termine - Long-Term Care Nine', l'appuntamento annuale di Italia Longeva che riunisce gli attori che, ai vari livelli, si occupano di programmare e gestire l'assistenza agli anziani. L'indagine mostra che il bisogno di assistenza domiciliare agli anziani è enorme - riporta una nota - nonostante il trend di crescita degli over 65 che beneficiano di cure a casa, passati dai 252mila (1,95% del totale) del 2014 ai quasi 550mila (3,89%) del 2023. Secondo i dati forniti dalle Regioni al ministero della Salute, sarebbero oltre 80mila in più gli anziani che nell'ultimo anno sono stati assistiti al domicilio rispetto al 2022, dato positivo, ma che sembra non trovare riscontro nel 'mondo reale'. C'è poi un altro 2,88% di ultra 65enni (404.235 persone) che ha ricevuto cure residenziali (Rsa) nell'ultimo anno. Un'accelerazione dell'offerta dei servizi di Adi e Rsa è quanto mai prioritaria per evitare che la mancata gestione dell'invecchiamento diventi la vera malattia del Paese, sempre più chiamato a fare i conti con le conseguenze della pressione demografica: aumento del carico di cronicità, disabilità e non autosufficienza che amplificano i bisogni di salute, oltretutto in un contesto di assottigliamento delle reti familiari. "Leggiamo con cauto ottimismo i numeri sull'Adi forniti dalle Regioni - commenta Roberto Bernabei, presidente di Italia Longeva - L'invecchiamento della popolazione e l'aumento delle malattie ad esso correlate (diabete, patologie cardiovascolari, demenze) ci impongono di premere l'acceleratore per potenziare e rendere più omogenea l'assistenza sul territorio. Continuiamo a concentrarci sull'Adi perché siamo convinti che sia l'unica risposta possibile di un servizio sanitario in grado di affrontare e non di subire l'assistenza agli anziani. Pensiamo agli accessi in pronto soccorso e ai ricoveri inappropriati, ma anche alla necessità di garantire la messa in sicurezza dei pazienti fragili che vengono dimessi dall'ospedale, soprattutto di coloro che sono privi di un supporto familiare".A tal proposito - prosegue la nota - sono state calcolate 600mila giornate di degenza inappropriate all'anno per gli over 70 (fonte Agenas su dati Sdo 2019), solo per la gestione di cronicità come diabete e ipertensione, che contribuiscono al sovraffollamento degli ospedali e all'aumento delle liste d'attesa, nonché al fenomeno delle dimissioni tardive per mancata disponibilità di presa in carico sul territorio. "Potenziare i servizi di Long-term care, in particolare le cure domiciliari - aggiunge Bernabei - significa costruire un ponte tra ospedale e casa, e dare finalmente un'assistenza congrua ai nostri anziani". L'urgenza di rafforzare l'offerta di Long-term care - per Italia Longeva - va letta anche alla luce del peso crescente delle malattie neurodegenerative in un Paese con 14,3 milioni di anziani, di cui oltre 4,5 milioni di 80enni, e previsioni che stimano una quota del 34% di over 65 nei prossimi 20 anni, con gli over 80 che supereranno i 6 milioni. L'Indagine 2024 ha aperto una finestra sulla demenza, condizione che in Italia interessa 1,5 milioni di persone, di cui oltre 600mila sono affette da malattia di Alzheimer, cui si aggiungono altri 900mila italiani con diagnosi di pre-demenza. Questi numeri, uniti all'impatto economico della gestione e del trattamento dei pazienti con demenza - 23,6 miliardi di euro, di cui oltre il 60% a totale carico delle famiglie - danno la misura dell'imponente domanda di cure e supporto specifici che si rendono necessari e sempre di più lo saranno nel prossimo futuro. "Anche quest'anno Italia Longeva ha offerto una fotografia sullo stato dell'arte della Long-term care lungo lo Stivale, aggiungendo un focus specifico sulle malattie neurodegenerative che accompagnano l’invecchiamento della popolazione - afferma Davide Vetrano, geriatra ed epidemiologo, consulente scientifico di Italia Longeva - L'Italia sta facendo dei passi in avanti nell'organizzazione e nell’offerta dei servizi di Adi e Rsa, che rappresentano le due componenti cruciali di una risposta sanitaria coerente alle esigenze degli anziani più fragili. Il panorama geografico delle cure domiciliari resta estremamente variegato: Molise, Abruzzo, Basilicata, Toscana e Umbria sono quelle che fanno meglio, con tassi di copertura di Adi superiori al 4,5%. Per quanto riguarda le cure residenziali, sono poco più di 400mila gli over 65 che ne hanno beneficiato nell'ultimo anno, ancora una volta con una distribuzione a macchia di leopardo: tassi di residenzialità più elevati si registrano nelle regioni del Nord - provincia autonoma di Trento (9,9%), Veneto (5,9%), Piemonte (5,4%), Lombardia (4,6%) e pa di Bolzano (4,3%) - e sono per lo più correlati alle peculiari caratteristiche del tessuto sociale".Per affrontare efficacemente la fragilità degli anziani, "sono necessari - elenca Bernabei - setting assistenziali, conoscenze e competenze specifiche, e la capacità del sistema di assicurare la continuità della presa in carico tra i diversi livelli e luoghi di cura. Innanzitutto prendendo in carico gli anziani nel proprio ambiente domestico il più a lungo possibile, fornendo cure mediche, infermieristiche e riabilitative e supporto adeguati per mantenere una buona qualità della vita". "Ma il principio guida di questa rete di assistenza - conclude il presidente di Italia Longeva - è quello di trovare la migliore soluzione assistenziale per il paziente sul territorio, a seconda della complessità dei suoi bisogni: servizi di Adi, accesso in Rsa, strutture di lungodegenza o hospice, in cui ciascun attore, professionista, caregiver, gioca la sua parte per dare risposte coerenti alle esigenze degli anziani". di Adnkronos   16-07-2024 - 19:06 Link copiato Commenti Leggi la Netiquette

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